Blackmail. Deception. Publicย manipulation.
These are just some of the charges leveled against ExxonMobil at a mock trial that took place in Paris, Saturday to coincide with the ongoing international climate negotiations at COP21.
The trial, held in Paris, alleged Exxonโs work at funding climate science had put the planet, peopleโs health and communities from Texas to Nigeria atย risk.
The trial was hosted by Canadian author Naomi Klein and climate change activist and author Bill McKibben and brought together key witnesses to discuss Exxonโs role in confusing the public about the dangers of human-caused climateย change.
Two investigations by the LA Times and Inside Climate News revealed Exxon scientists warned the company about the impacts of burning fossil fuels in theย 1970s.
But the trial heard how scientists were directed to keep that information secret from shareholders and theย public.
Since the 70s Exxon was involved in trade organizations, think tanks and lobbying organizations that have misled the public about greenhouse gases, climate change and climateย science.
The trial, titled Exxon vs. The People, was presided over by three judges including indigenous rights and 350.org campaigner Clayton Thomas-Muller, actor Peter Sarsgaard and Milaรฑ Loeak, daughter of Christopher Loeak, president of the Marshallย Islands.
Cindy Baxter, a lead witness and curator of the website Exxon Secrets, took the stand to testify how Exxon funded organizations that have cast doubt on climate science, including the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the Committee for a Constructiveย Tomorrow.
Both organizations are represented in Paris and aim to cast doubt on climate science and the โglobal warming hypeโ at the COP21 climateย negotiations.
Texas environmental justice advocate Bryan Parras, born in 1977, told the trial a subsidiary of Exxon caused severe impacts on human and environmental health in the state where his communityย lives.
โDid it surprise you that Exxon has been studying climate change for you entire life?โ Kleinย asked.
Perras responded: โDid anyone expect that they didnโt know or wouldnโt hideย it?โ
โI honestly donโt trust anything these companies say. We should cast seeds of doubt on their campaigns and in theirย markets.โ
Parras said Exxonโs deception made him angry, adding: โWhat else did they know and what else are they saying? What did they know about toxicity and cancers? Why did it take us so long to get thatย information?โ
Author and fracking expert Sandra Steingraber, biologist and author of Living Downstream, also took theย stand.
She said: โExxon is the worldโs largest public natural gas producer and it extracts oil and gas via fracking all over the world, particularly in the U.S. but also more recently inย Argentina.โ
Klein said: โWeโve talked a lot about local health impacts of fracking, but I also want to ask you about climate impacts of fracking since we are here at the same time as climateย talks.โ
Steingraber replied that natural gas was a โcatastropheโ for the climate and that Exxon had also pushed the idea that gas was climateย friendly.
Steingraber is a member of Center for Health Professionals in New York, a group of scientists, physicians, nurses providing watchdog evidence on the harms and risks of fracking since 2012.ย She said a review of more than 500 studies found fracking was a risk to humanย health.
โThe climate crisis is a parenting crisis which means itโs a human rights crisis,โ Steingraberย said.
โFor Exxon to be involved in a misinformation about the science of climate is a strike against parenthood, against human knowledge and scientificย progress.โ
Ken Henshaw, activist with Social Action Nigeria, described the social and political impacts of Exxonโs activities inย Nigeria.
โAfrica is sometimes described as a continent suffering from the effects of climate change. Have you seen these effects?โ McKibben askedย Henshaw.
โIn the Niger Delta where I lived in 2012 there was massive flooding. Houses were completely submerged. An entire planting season was lost,โ Henshawย said.
McKibben asked: โRex Tillerson, the CEO of Exxon, said if climate change happened to cause any inclement weather, we would find technological ways to adapt to that. Have people figured that out inย Nigeria?โ
โNo,โ Henshaw responded. โWhen the 2012 floods happened, the oil companies announced we should move to higher ground. What higher ground? To whoseย houses?โ
Antonia Juhasz, journalist and energy analyst, testified to the quality of the reporting done around theย revelations
โIt wasnโt just that Exxon funded deniers outside government, it helped push policy inside government to change the course of policy inside so we would not have policies that addressed the climateย crisis.โ
In her closing argument, Klein addressed the trialโsย judges.
โWe arenโt asking you to put a price on that which is priceless. We have heard stories of life lost because of melting ice. We have heard stories of ancient cultures threat because of climate change. We have heard stories of Exxonโs discriminatory disregard of human life, well being andย health.
โIt is Exxonโs crime that it believes money trumps life,โ Kleinย said.
โThere is no price that can be placed on the Marshall Islands, on Arctic cultures, on our lives and what we pass on to our children. But we have a duty to seekย justice.โ
Judge Thomas-Muller said:โGiven that as a court we lack ability to compel testimony of xon, we are unable to reach conclusion of guilt orย innocence.โx
โWe can ask that other courts in other jurisdictions that have the power to summon Exxon do so withย haste.โ
โWe judge that this will represent one of and perhaps the biggest examples of corporate crime inย history.โ
Fellow judge Loeak said she knew the efforts of the worldโs negotiators can be hampered by the denial and deception of the worldโs major fossil fuelย companies.
โHad Exxon merely stated 25 years ago what they knew โthat climate change was real, perilous and required decision action โ extraordinary damage could have beenย avoided.โ
Actor Sarsgaard ended the trial on this note: โThe burden of proof now rests squarely with this corporation that these documents donโt demonstrate what they seem prima facie to demonstrate: a profound disregard for this planet and itsย people.โ
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