Generation Opportunity
Background
Generation Opportunity was an Arlington, Virginia-based non-profit whose stated aims were to “advance policy change, hold policymakers accountable, fight for opportunity, and defend the freedoms of young Americans.” Officially named YEM Trust and founded in 2010 as a sister organisation to Americans for Prosperity,1“About us,” Generation Opportunity. Archived February 19, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/DhDJT with which it shared offices, the group sought to create a youth wing of the Koch brothers’ climate science denying political network, opposing what it considered “over-regulation and out-of-control spending.”2“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
Generation Opportunity appears to have dissolved on July 3, 2018, with its Twitter account directing supporters to follow Americans for Prosperity instead.3“We are moving our fight for freedom to Americans for Prosperity. Come hang out with us there: http://bit.ly/2tZ2pjn,” Tweet by @GenOpp, July 3, 2018. Archived .png on file at DeSmog. The group’s website, GenerationOpportunity.org, now redirects to the AFP website. The group originally gained millions of fans on Facebook by calling itself Being American, before later renaming, a Center for Public Integrity report revealed. The activities of Generation Opportunity are effectively a project under AFP, without separate reporting of non-profit donors or expense.4John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
Freedom Partners, a funding body described by Politico as the “Koch brothers’ secret bank” and also based in Arlington, Virginia, donated $5 million to Generation Opportunity in 2011-2012.5Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v According to Generation Opportunity’s 990 forms, the group’s “principal officer” and trustee was Kelly Bulloch,6“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. a board member at Freedom Partners and an employee at Koch Industries since 1987. Bulloch has held numerous roles at Koch-owned businesses, including as as Koch Industries treasurer and CFO of Invista, a textiles company acquired by the Kochs in 2004. As of May 2019, some of Freedom Partners’ key operations were officially rebranded as “Stand Together” and others were subsumed by AFP.7“About,” Freedom Partners. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/0rYb4
A report by the Center for Public Integrity detailed Generation Opportunity’s links to the Republican Party and various US right-wing groups. It found that its president in 2011, Paul Conway, previously worked for the free-market Heritage Foundation and was chief of staff for former George W Bush Labor Secretary Elaine Chao. Generation Opportunity’s former spokesperson, Matthew Faraci, also worked for Chao. Chao is married to Koch-funded Republican Senate Majority Leader, Mitch McConnell.8John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
Generation Opportunity contracted the public opinion research company founded by Trump advisor Kellyanne Conway to carry out polling for the group. Conway’s “the polling company, inc./WomanTrend” has a history of working with the PR firm CRC Strategies, which has represented numerous right-wing groups, including the Koch-funded Americans for Prosperity and Americans for Tax Reform.9Jim Tankersley. “Will Recent College Grads’ Struggles Hurt Obama?” The Atlantic, July 11, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/UnFjS
Generation Opportunity put significant resources into opposing President Obama’s Affordable Care Act, launching an “Opt Out of Obamacare” campaign in September 2013 to persuade college students not to sign up to the health insurance scheme. The campaign involved a tour of 20 college campuses10Chris Moody. “Creepy Obamacare ad hits college campuses and your nightmares,” Yahoo News, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/oj7zD and the release of a controversial video featuring a “Creepy Uncle Sam” character performing gynecological and prostate exams on patients on the scheme. The video ordered viewers not to “let the government play doctor.”11Kate Pickert. “Spread Your Legs for Uncle Sam,” Time, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/JblNv
The group also lobbied on issues related to technology and privacy, with its president Evan Feinberg saying they intended to “make young people’s lives better by ensuring freedom in the technology they use.”12Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE The group opposed the concept of “net neutrality.”13Joy Lawson. “Millennials Won’t Fall for the Koch’s ‘Generation Opportunity’,” HuffPost, August 21, 2016. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/SOu1U
Feinberg, Generation Opportunity’s president between 2013 and 2015 and a former aide to the Koch-backed Kentucky Senator Rand Paul, left the organization around the same time as over half of the staff. According to a CNN report, sources said it was “struggling to lift off the ground and dogged by group-culture problems.”
Feinberg went on to become executive director of the Stand Together Foundation, a Koch-funded network focused on promoting libertarian views in education, also briefly known as the Seminar Network before it was rebranded as Stand Together in May 2019.14Nicholas Confessore. “Koch Brothers Plan More Political Involvement for Their Conservative Network,” New York Times, April 30, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/bApeo 15Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY 16James Hohmann. “The Daily 202: The Koch network is reorganizing under a new name and with new priorities,” Washington Post, May 20, 2019. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/MwLuE
Generation Opportunity focused much of its spending on social, rather than traditional, media, with a 2013 Washington Examiner article reporting that it had devoted $1.4 million of its $4 million annual budget to Facebook ads.17Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE
During the 2014 Senate elections, Generation Opportunity spent nearly $2.3 million on television ads attacking Democratic Senators in North Carolina, Colorado and Louisiana for their “tax and spend” policies.18Mary Bottari. “Koch-Tied Youth Group Weighs In on Senate Races,” PR Watch, July 3, 2014. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/Gphd7
As of December 2017, Carrie Sheffield, a founder of Bold.TV, a “digital news network committed to bipartisan dialogue & innovation for people, business & communities,” was executive director of Generation Opportunity.19Carrie Sheffield. “Time to reform the tax code to help millennials and women in business,” The Hill, December 5, 2017. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/TE9iM
Generation Opportunity Institute and Its Ties to the PR Effort Called “Fueling US Forward”
While Generation Opportunity operates as a 501(c)(4) organization, it appears to have also run a non-profit 501(c)(3) arm entitled the “Generation Opportunity Institute.”
The 2016/2017 990 forms for Generation Opportunity Institute (EIN 46-2346050) operated under the name “Fueling U.S. Forward Institute” and listed Charles Drevna as the group’s president. According to that tax form, Drevna received $648,969 in that year, plus another $23,978 in other compensation.
Generation Opportunity Institute 2016 (Text)
It also noted that Drevna, as president, was paid via YEM Trust — the operating name of Generation Opportunity’s 501(c)(4) outfit:
Fueling US Forward is a now-defunct 501(c)(6) pro-fossil-fuel lobbying organization whose activities have been documented by DeSmog in the past.
Stance on Climate Change
Generation Opportunity does not appear to have any official statements on climate change.
Funding
The following is based on information collected from publicly available 990 tax forms.
View the attached spreadsheet for details on Generation Opportunity funding by year (.xlsx).
| Recipient & Donor | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Grand Total |
| Generation Opportunity | $2,000,000 | $7,199,211 | $6,000,000 | $14,225,000 | $6,098,507 | $4,625,000 | $75,000 | $40,222,718 |
| Freedom Partners Chamber of Commerce | $5,040,000 | $6,000,000 | $14,225,000 | $5,100,000 | $4,600,000 | $75,000 | $35,040,000 | |
| TC4 Trust | $2,000,000 | $2,130,000 | $4,130,000 | |||||
| Themis Trust | $998,507 | $998,507 | ||||||
| Center to Protect Patient Rights | $29,211 | $29,211 | ||||||
| Einhorn Family Foundation | $25,000 | $25,000 | ||||||
| Generation Opportunity Institute | $25,000 | $150,000 | $250,000 | $259,040 | $684,040 | |||
| Generation Opportunity | $259,040 | $259,040 | ||||||
| Freedom Partners Institute | $200,000 | $200,000 | ||||||
| Bradley Impact Fund | $25,000 | $50,000 | $50,000 | $125,000 | ||||
| DonorsTrust | $100,000 | $100,000 | ||||||
| Grand Total | $2,000,000 | $7,199,211 | $6,000,000 | $14,250,000 | $6,248,507 | $4,875,000 | $334,040 | $40,906,758 |
* According to its final 2014/2015 990 tax return, Themis Trust (EIN 27-2005005) dissolved and gave $998,507 in assets over to YEM Trust (Generation Opportunity) in that year.
Generation Opportunity 990 Forms
Generation Opportunity Institute 990 Forms
Key People
Board of Directors
The following is based on publicly available 990 forms filed by YEM Trust doing business as Generation Opportunity:
| Name | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | Description |
| Carrie Sheffield | Y | Executive Director20Carrie Sheffield. “Time to reform the tax code to help millennials and women in business,” The Hill, December 5, 2017. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/TE9iM | ||||||
| Kelly Bulloch | Y | Y | Y | Trustee | ||||
| Logan Moore | Y | Y | Y | |||||
| James Clark | Y | Y | President | |||||
| David Barnes | Y | Policy Director | ||||||
| Ja’Ron Smith | Y | Director of External Affairs | ||||||
| Josh Fisher | Y | Trustee | ||||||
| Shawn Pattison | Y | Vice President of Grassroots | ||||||
| Julie Germany | Y | Y | ||||||
| Ashley Stow | Y | General Counsel | ||||||
| Terrence Linderman | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Trustee.21“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. | ||
| Evan Feinberg | Y | Y | Y | President22Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE | ||||
| George Slater | Y | Y | Y | Executive Vice President23“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. | ||||
| Bryan Lyle | Y | VP of Digital | ||||||
| Daniel Turner | Y | |||||||
| Paul Conway | Y | Y | Y | President.24John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq | ||||
| Amber Roseboom | Y | Y | Executive Vice President | |||||
| Matthew Faraci | Y | Y | Senior VP for Communications and former spokesperson25John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq |
Staff
| Name | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| Evan Feinberg | Y | Y | Y |
| David Pasch | Y | Y | Y |
| Emily Lyons | Y | Y | Y |
| Greg Markle | Y | Y | Y |
| Luke Kenworthy | Y | Y | Y |
| Nick Pappas | Y | Y | Y |
| Patrice J. Lee | Y | Y | Y |
| Will Cousins | Y | Y | Y |
| Aaron Houlihan | Y | Y | |
| Alex Johnson | Y | Y | |
| Brian Lyle | Y | Y | |
| Charity Corkey | Y | Y | |
| Christopher Venning | Y | Y | |
| Jeff Scully | Y | Y | |
| Julie Germany | Y | Y | |
| Logan Moore | Y | Y | |
| Mike Hopper | Y | Y | |
| Nicholas Bailey | Y | Y | |
| Sarah Belknap | Y | Y | |
| Wesley Coopersmith | Y | Y | |
| William Patrick Varley III | Y | Y | |
| Alex Copeland | Y | ||
| Alex Goodman | Y | ||
| Alex Vargo | Y | ||
| Brandon Gahman | Y | ||
| Charlie Heimerdinger | Y | ||
| Corie Whalen Stephens | Y | ||
| Courtney Green | Y | ||
| Jackie Ellis | Y | ||
| Joe Tate | Y | ||
| John Trent | Y | ||
| Jonathan Callaway | Y | ||
| Jonathan Lockwood | Y | ||
| Joseph Doiron | Y | ||
| Katie O’Neil | Y | ||
| Kevin Gardner | Y | ||
| Kristie Eshelman | Y | ||
| Laura Howd | Y | ||
| Max Koenig | Y | ||
| Megan Rossbach | Y | ||
| Meghan Raffa | Y | ||
| Melanie Pfeiffenberger | Y | ||
| Nicole Spala | Y | ||
| Rachael Jensen | Y | ||
| Rebecca Coffman | Y | ||
| Roy Harmon | Y | ||
| Ryan Flood | Y | ||
| Seth Guidry | Y | ||
| Sharon Koss | Y | ||
| Vinny Foster | Y | ||
| Zuri Davis | Y | ||
| Corie Whalen | Y | Y | |
| Mary Mueller | Y | Y | |
| Nathan Leamer | Y | Y | |
| Peter Buckingham | Y | Y | |
| Stephanie Terek | Y | Y | |
| Zachary Henry | Y | Y | |
| Ariel Judah | Y | ||
| Daisy Letendre | Y | ||
| Daniel Turner | Y | ||
| Katie Shupe | Y | ||
| Lily Belt | Y | ||
| Peter Anthony Tariche | Y | ||
| Stephanie Schwartz | Y | ||
| Brandon Fleig | Y | ||
| Brent Perrin | Y | ||
| Bryan Slater | Y | ||
| Hannah Bennett | Y | ||
| James Wesolek | Y | ||
| Jeremy Siblerud | Y | ||
| Katie Bell | Y | ||
| Kurt Brown | Y | ||
| Luke Mahoney | Y | ||
| Nikki West | Y | ||
| Terence Grado | Y | ||
| Tyler Spires | Y |
Other People
- Kellyanne Conway — Pollster.26John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
Actions
July 3, 2018
Generation Opportunity apparently dissolved, with its Twitter account directing supporters to follow its sister organization Americans for Prosperity instead.27“We are moving our fight for freedom to Americans for Prosperity. Come hang out with us there: http://bit.ly/2tZ2pjn,” Tweet by @GenOpp, July 3, 2018. Archived .png on file at DeSmog.
September 1, 2015
CNN reported that Evan Feinberg, Generation Opportunity’s president between 2013 and 2015 and a former aide to the Koch-backed Kentucky Senator Rand Paul, had left the organization around the same time as over half of the staff. Sources said the group was “struggling to lift off the ground and dogged by group-culture problems.”28Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY
September 2013
Generation Opportunity launched an “Opt Out of Obamacare” campaign to persuade college students not to sign up to the health insurance scheme. The campaign involved a tour of 20 college campuses29Chris Moody. “Creepy Obamacare ad hits college campuses and your nightmares,” Yahoo News, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/oj7zD and the release of a controversial video featuring a “Creepy Uncle Sam” character performing gynecological and prostate exams on patients on the scheme.30Kate Pickert. “Spread Your Legs for Uncle Sam,” Time, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/JblNv
2011–2012
Generation Opportunity received $5 million from Freedom Partners, a funding body described by Politico as the “Koch brothers’ secret bank” and also based in Arlington, Virginia.31Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v
Related Organizations
- Americans for Prosperity — Sister organization based in same offices.32“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- Freedom Partners — Funded Generation Opportunity, whose former “principal officer” is a board member at Freedom Partners.33“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog. 34Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v 35“About,” Freedom Partners. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/0rYb4
- Stand Together Foundation — Former Generation Opportunity president Evan Feinberg became Stand Together’s executive director.36Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY
- the polling company, inc./WomanTrend — Carried out public opinion research for Generation Opportunity.37Jim Tankersley. “Will Recent College Grads’ Struggles Hurt Obama?” The Atlantic, July 11, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/UnFjS
Contact & Address
Generation Opportunity was formerly based in the same offices as fellow Koch-backed political advocacy group, Americans for Prosperity:38“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
Room 220
1320 N Courthouse Road
STE 220
Arlington
Virginia
22201
Social Media
- @GenOpp on Twitter. This account does not appear to have been active since July 3, 2018.
- @GenOppNC/GOInstitute on Twitter.
- @GenerationOpportunity on Facebook. This account does not appear to have been active since July 3, 2018.
- “Generation Opportunity” on LinkedIn.
- Generation Opportunity on Instagram
Other Resources
- “Generation Opportunity,” SourceWatch.
Resources
- 1“About us,” Generation Opportunity. Archived February 19, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/DhDJT
- 2“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 3“We are moving our fight for freedom to Americans for Prosperity. Come hang out with us there: http://bit.ly/2tZ2pjn,” Tweet by @GenOpp, July 3, 2018. Archived .png on file at DeSmog.
- 4John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
- 5Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v
- 6“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 7“About,” Freedom Partners. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/0rYb4
- 8John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
- 9Jim Tankersley. “Will Recent College Grads’ Struggles Hurt Obama?” The Atlantic, July 11, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/UnFjS
- 10Chris Moody. “Creepy Obamacare ad hits college campuses and your nightmares,” Yahoo News, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/oj7zD
- 11Kate Pickert. “Spread Your Legs for Uncle Sam,” Time, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/JblNv
- 12Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE
- 13Joy Lawson. “Millennials Won’t Fall for the Koch’s ‘Generation Opportunity’,” HuffPost, August 21, 2016. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/SOu1U
- 14Nicholas Confessore. “Koch Brothers Plan More Political Involvement for Their Conservative Network,” New York Times, April 30, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/bApeo
- 15Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY
- 16James Hohmann. “The Daily 202: The Koch network is reorganizing under a new name and with new priorities,” Washington Post, May 20, 2019. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/MwLuE
- 17Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE
- 18Mary Bottari. “Koch-Tied Youth Group Weighs In on Senate Races,” PR Watch, July 3, 2014. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/Gphd7
- 19Carrie Sheffield. “Time to reform the tax code to help millennials and women in business,” The Hill, December 5, 2017. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/TE9iM
- 20Carrie Sheffield. “Time to reform the tax code to help millennials and women in business,” The Hill, December 5, 2017. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/TE9iM
- 21“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 22Tim Mak. “Generation Opportunity to lobby Hill on behalf of Millennials,” Washington Examiner, October 25, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/6xlrE
- 23“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 24John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
- 25John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
- 26John Dunbar. “‘Nonpartisan’ youth movement has deep GOP roots,” Center for Public Integrity, November 1, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/d3KJq
- 27“We are moving our fight for freedom to Americans for Prosperity. Come hang out with us there: http://bit.ly/2tZ2pjn,” Tweet by @GenOpp, July 3, 2018. Archived .png on file at DeSmog.
- 28Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY
- 29Chris Moody. “Creepy Obamacare ad hits college campuses and your nightmares,” Yahoo News, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/oj7zD
- 30Kate Pickert. “Spread Your Legs for Uncle Sam,” Time, September 19, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/JblNv
- 31Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v
- 32“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 33“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
- 34Mike Allen, Jim Vandehei. “The Koch brothers’ secret bank,” Politico, September 11, 2013. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/sww5v
- 35“About,” Freedom Partners. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/0rYb4
- 36Theodore Schleifer. “First on CNN: Koch operative leaves group amid tumult,” CNN, September 1, 2015. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: https://archive.fo/lIigY
- 37Jim Tankersley. “Will Recent College Grads’ Struggles Hurt Obama?” The Atlantic, July 11, 2011. Archived June 18, 2019. Archive.fo URL: http://archive.fo/UnFjS
- 38“Generation Opportunity 990 form,” GuideStar. Archived June 18, 2019. Archived .pdf on file at DeSmog.
