Drax: The UK’s ‘Carbon Neutral’ Biomass Power Plant

About the Series

Britain’s biggest power plant, Drax in North Yorkshire, produces around 6% of the UK’s electricity through burning biomass.

Drax claims to be Europe’s largest decarbonisation project, after pivoting from coal to biomass in the 2010s. In 2021 Drax officially ended its commercial coal generation, but remains the single biggest emitter of carbon dioxide in the UK, producing 13.2 million tonnes from burning wood pellets in 2020.

The energy produced by Drax is classified as renewable under UK and EU law, under the premise that it uses trees which can be replanted to recapture carbon and is therefore considered carbon neutral – though the sustainability of Drax’s wood pellets is disputed by some scientists and campaigners.

In 2020 Drax received over ยฃ830 million in direct subsidy from the UK government. The company has said it is relying on further government support for its bioenergy, carbon capture with storage (BECCS) plant, which it says will create “carbon negative” energy from 2027.

Image: Drax power station in North Yorkshire. Credit: Jono Brennan (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

In This Series

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Plans for two industrial pellet plants would increase carbon emissions and hurt the health of rural communities, campaigners warn.

Plans for two industrial pellet plants would increase carbon emissions and hurt the health of rural communities, campaigners warn.
Opinion
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The firmโ€™s proposal to bury emissions from burning wood under the North Sea is still a pipe dream, says campaigner Almuth Ernsting of Biofuelwatch.

The firmโ€™s proposal to bury emissions from burning wood under the North Sea is still a pipe dream, says campaigner Almuth Ernsting of Biofuelwatch.
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The countryโ€™s largest CO2 emitter has โ€˜crossed a lineโ€™ in its local PR efforts, critics say.

The countryโ€™s largest CO2 emitter has โ€˜crossed a lineโ€™ in its local PR efforts, critics say.
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Party activists โ€œashamedโ€ to learn of the contribution from the North Yorkshire biomass company.

Party activists โ€œashamedโ€ to learn of the contribution from the North Yorkshire biomass company.
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Documents show bioenergy giant is โ€œinfluencing the thinkingโ€ of ministers, say campaigners.

Documents show bioenergy giant is โ€œinfluencing the thinkingโ€ of ministers, say campaigners.
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Campaigners say the Yorkshire biomass company is "running for cover" after it was hit by a series of scandals.

Campaigners say the Yorkshire biomass company is "running for cover" after it was hit by a series of scandals.
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Graham Stuart MP has championed the UKโ€™s highly polluting wood-pellet burning power station, which is located close to his Yorkshire constituency.

Graham Stuart MP has championed the UKโ€™s highly polluting wood-pellet burning power station, which is located close to his Yorkshire constituency.
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The company is currently seeking an estimated ยฃ31.7 billion worth of subsidies from the UK government for a similar project.

The company is currently seeking an estimated ยฃ31.7 billion worth of subsidies from the UK government for a similar project.
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Critics say the North Yorkshire power station is likely to continue burning wood pellets for electricity, and that the amounts granted to new projects are too low to result in any significant technological breakthroughs.

Critics say the North Yorkshire power station is likely to continue burning wood pellets for electricity, and that the amounts granted to new projects are too low to result in any significant technological breakthroughs.
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The โ€˜sustainability principlesโ€™ outlined in the document could in fact contribute to increased carbon emissions in the atmosphere, a policy analyst has claimed.

The โ€˜sustainability principlesโ€™ outlined in the document could in fact contribute to increased carbon emissions in the atmosphere, a policy analyst has claimed.
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Responding to the analysis, Phil MacDonald, chief operating officer of Ember, said this was โ€œexactly the kind of research that the UK government should be doing before it makes a decision on funding BECCSโ€.ย 

Responding to the analysis, Phil MacDonald, chief operating officer of Ember, said this was โ€œexactly the kind of research that the UK government should be doing before it makes a decision on funding BECCSโ€.ย 
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The Green Party accused Labour of helping the biomass energy producer engage in "green spin of the worst kind".

The Green Party accused Labour of helping the biomass energy producer engage in "green spin of the worst kind".
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Geoffrey Supran, a climate researcher at Harvard University, said the UK government had its priorities โ€œcompletely backwardsโ€ if the meetings could be seen as a proxy for where ministers were focusing attention.

Geoffrey Supran, a climate researcher at Harvard University, said the UK government had its priorities โ€œcompletely backwardsโ€ if the meetings could be seen as a proxy for where ministers were focusing attention.
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Environmentalists raise concern that a senior policy manager for the biomass producer may have had input on UK climate policy.

Environmentalists raise concern that a senior policy manager for the biomass producer may have had input on UK climate policy.
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Critics argued that representatives of Drax, which received ยฃ832 million from the government last year, should not have a role advising the government on tackling climate change.

Critics argued that representatives of Drax, which received ยฃ832 million from the government last year, should not have a role advising the government on tackling climate change.
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The authors of a report argue that the intensification of Baltic logging is reinforced by biomass demand from foreign bioenergy companies such as Orsted, RWE and Drax.

The authors of a report argue that the intensification of Baltic logging is reinforced by biomass demand from foreign bioenergy companies such as Orsted, RWE and Drax.
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Byย Almuth Ernsting, bioenergy campaignerย withย Biofuelwatch If there wereย a prize for the most bizarre climate mitigationย idea, power company Drax Plcโ€™s latest โ€œgreen innovationโ€ project would be...
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Byย Jo Alexander, a chartered geologist and researcher for campaign groupย ShareAction Drax has been stepping up its greenwashing over the past few days, by appearing on BBC Radio and in the Finan...